The episode highlights the transformative research and development in small molecule Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients, emphasising the generation of new, more complex, and targeted molecules.

The process of productising the pieces and parts involved in construction will help inform our understanding of what technological connective tissue is missing, as well as what we need to do to fill in the gaps.. Amy Marks compares the productisation of those elements to building a raft or reef in the middle of the ocean.Whether it be a generator, a panel, a bathroom pod, or something else, productisation will provide something solid to work with inside a sea of fluidity, something we can “actually track through and map…”.

The key, she says, is that the products must be fully defined.We must understand every aspect, including workflows, performance, and sustainability.Further, it’s important to recognise that productisation won’t solve everything.

However, it will give us a starting point.. Marks refers to this as “chaos to order theory,” a phrase she coined after a superintendent on one of her first jobs described his positive experience working with bathroom pods.The pods created a welcome amount of certainty and consistency in his day.

He could count on receiving them, he knew exactly what they were, and he could schedule his other work around them.

This is the power of productisation, Marks says, elaborating on her previous metaphor by saying that when you build a “man-made reef in the middle of the ocean... ecosystems build around it.”.A combination of developing science and clear and joined up regulation e.g.

pharmacopeia and guidance, could help both the manufacturers and the biogenic solvent supply chain.Very clear and appropriate specifications and standards could help to accelerate the investment in and development of biogenic solvents, transitions, and approvals..

It was noted that there are streams of scientific development in Al models which can help predict the production of harmful impurities and detect these impurities cheaply at parts per billion and parts per trillion levels.. Standards are not just set by regulators.Any party that sets specifications helps to create a myriad of different standards.